The Peptide Reference
The Peptide Reference
References
Reference/Pentadecapeptide

BPC-157

Body Protection Compound-157 · Pentadecapeptide

Human preliminary
research use only

Synthetic peptide derived from gastric juice protein, renowned for tissue repair, inflammation reduction, and GI protection capabilities. BPC-157 promotes blood vessel formation, enhances collagen synthesis, modulates growth factor expression, and protects against tissue damage through localized or systemic delivery.

Accelerated tendon, ligament, muscle, and bone healingLocalized tissue repair with direct targetingSuperior bioavailabilityAnti-inflammatory effects
01

Overview

BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide based on a sequence found in a protective protein in human gastric juice. It has been studied extensively in animal models for tissue repair, tendon and muscle healing, and gut protection, and is notable for stability in gastric acid. The evidence base is almost entirely preclinical: there are no completed human clinical trials, so all figures here are reported from animal or laboratory research, not clinical practice.

Across preclinical studies, BPC-157 is associated with promotion of angiogenesis (new blood-vessel formation), modulation of the nitric oxide system, upregulation of growth factors involved in repair (e.g., VEGF), and effects on cell-migration pathways. These mechanisms are described in published reviews; they are reported findings from animal and in-vitro work, not demonstrated clinical effects in humans.

Evidence profilederived from 9 references
B
Human preliminary
Strongest design among the references on this page. Grade and effect size are separate facts and are never merged into one score.
02

Research indications

What the compound has been studied for, grouped by body system. Effect size is the reported magnitude where it was measured — not a recommendation.

Wound Healing3
Tendon Healing

Accelerated tendon-to-bone healing with improved biomechanical properties; most effective with localized injection.

Large
Muscle Recovery

Enhanced healing and reduced recovery following crush injuries and surgical procedures with direct tissue targeting.

Large
Angiogenesis

Promotes blood vessel formation and improves vascularization through localized delivery.

Moderate
Neurological3
Neuroprotection

Protective effects against neurotoxic agents and ischemic brain injury models.

Small
Spinal Cord Injury

Improved functional recovery and reduced tissue damage in spinal cord injury studies.

Small
Peripheral Nerves

Enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery after injury.

Small
Gastrointestinal3
Ulcer Protection

Protective effects against gastric and duodenal ulcers through cytoprotective mechanisms.

Large
Intestinal Repair

Acceleration of intestinal healing with reduced inflammatory markers in IBD models.

Moderate
Mucosal Healing

Enhanced mucosal barrier function and accelerated epithelial regeneration.

Moderate
i

A large effect in a weak study and a small effect in a strong one are different things. Effect size is never evidence of use in people.

Quick factsreference only
Class
Pentadecapeptide
Chain length
15 residues
Molecular weight
1419.53 Da
Half-life
~30 min
Typical dose
250-500mcg
Frequency
Once or twice daily
Administration
Subcutaneous injection
Cycle length
4-12 weeks depending on injury
Storage
Lyophilized: freezer long-term. Reconstituted: 2-8°C for 4-6 weeks
03

Molecular data

Type
Pentadecapeptide
Molecular weight
1419.53 Da
Chain length
15 residues
CAS number
137525-51-0
Half-life
30 min
Primary sequenceN → C · 15 residues
H₂N–
GGly1
EGlu2
PPro3
PPro4
PPro5
GGly6
KLys7
PPro8
AAla9
DAsp10
DAsp11
AAla12
GGly13
LLeu14
VVal15
–OH
GEPPPGKPADDAGLV
NonpolarPolarAcidicBasic
04

Dosing reference

Doses reported in the literature and by suppliers. These are a record of what has been used in research — reference, never instruction.

ContextRouteAmountFrequency
Tendon/Joint healingSubQ near injury250-500 mcg1-2x daily
Serious injurySubQ near injury500-1000 mcg2x daily
General healingSubQ or IM250-500 mcg1-2x daily
MaintenanceSubQ250 mcg1x daily
Gastric protectionOral (empty stomach)500 mcg - 1 mg1-2x daily
General healingOral (empty stomach)1-2 mg1-2x daily
Ulcer preventionOral (empty stomach)500 mcg2x daily
MaintenanceOral (empty stomach)500 mcg1x daily
05

Interactions

TB-500

Complementary healing mechanisms; often used together in the Wolverine Stack.

synergistic
GHRP-6

No known negative interactions.

compatible
Ipamorelin

BPC-157 increases GH receptor expression, amplifying growth hormone benefits.

synergistic
CJC-1295

BPC-157 upregulates GH receptors, enhancing effectiveness for tissue repair.

synergistic
Melanotan II

No known interactions; different mechanisms and receptor targets.

compatible
AOD-9604

Safe combination; different pathways. Often combined in regenerative protocols.

compatible
06

Quality checklist

  • White, fluffy lyophilized powder (cake) filling vial bottom
  • Crystal clear solution after reconstitution with no particles
  • Intact vacuum seal on vial
  • !Slight clumping that dissolves with gentle swirling (acceptable from shipping)
  • ×Collapsed, melted, or powder stuck to vial sides (heat exposure)
  • ×Cloudy solution, particles, or precipitates after reconstitution
  • ×Discoloration of powder
07

What to expect

Week 1-2Reduced inflammation and pain at injection site
Week 2-4Improved healing rate and tissue repair
Week 4-8Maximum localized healing benefits
08

Safety

Commonly reported3
  • Mild injection site redness
  • Injection site irritation
  • Possible mild digestive adjustment (oral)
Stop and seek advice5
  • Persistent injection site reactions or infection signs
  • Unusual swelling or rash around injection area
  • Severe headaches or dizziness
  • Allergic reactions
  • Persistent or worsening digestive issues
Contraindications4
  • Active cancer (due to angiogenic effects)
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Blood thinners (consult doctor due to angiogenesis)
  • WADA prohibited for competitive athletes
09

FAQ

Should I inject BPC-157 near the injury site or take it systemically?

Localized injection near the injury site is most effective for direct tissue targeting and healing. However, BPC-157 has systemic effects, so oral administration (on empty stomach) or distant SubQ injection provides whole-body benefits. For serious tendon/joint injuries, localized injection + oral combination protocol maximizes effects.

Can I use BPC-157 with NSAIDs like ibuprofen?

BPC-157 rescued NSAID-cytotoxicity by stabilizing intestinal permeability and protecting mucosal barrier function in research. This suggests potential synergy—BPC-157 may mitigate NSAID side effects while NSAIDs reduce acute inflammation. However, clinical data on combination timing and dosing doesn't exist.

How long can I use BPC-157 or does it require cycling?

BPC-157 is typically used for 4-12 weeks depending on injury severity. Its short half-life (<30 minutes) and safety profile in preclinical studies suggest longer use is likely safe, but formal long-term human data doesn't exist. Cycling 1-2 weeks on/off may prevent adaptation, though continuous use hasn't shown problems.

Why must I avoid BPC-157 if I have cancer or am on blood thinners?

BPC-157 promotes angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation), which theoretically could support tumor blood supply. For cancer patients, this creates potential risk despite no direct clinical data. Blood thinners combined with pro-angiogenic effects increase bleeding risk, warranting medical supervision before use.

10

References

  1. 1
    Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth
    Staresinic, M., et al. · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · 2003

    Superior tendon healing with improved biomechanical properties (increased load of failure and Young's modulus), enhanced tendon-to-bone integration, and stimulated tendocyte growth in rat models.

  2. 2
    Effective therapy of transected quadriceps muscle in rat: Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157
    Staresinic, M., et al. · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · 2006

    Accelerated quadriceps healing over 72-day period with improved biomechanics, walking recovery, muscle fiber regeneration with desmin positivity, and attenuated atrophy in rat models.

  3. 3
    The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing
    Chang CH, Tsai WC, Lin MS · Journal of Applied Physiology · 2011

    Tendon outgrowth, cell survival and migration via BPC-157.

  4. 4
    Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation
    Hsieh, M.J., et al. · Journal of Molecular Medicine · 2017

    Pro-angiogenic effects via VEGFR2-Akt-eNOS signaling pathway activation, increased vessel density in vivo and in vitro, and accelerated blood flow recovery in ischemic rat hind limb model.

  5. 5
    Stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 can improve the healing course of spinal cord injury and lead to functional recovery in rats
    Perovic, D., et al. · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research · 2019

    Significant functional recovery with improved motor function, resolved spasticity by day 15, and counteracted axonal necrosis, demyelination, and cyst formation across all stages of secondary injury.

  6. 6
    BPC 157 Rescued NSAID-cytotoxicity Via Stabilizing Intestinal Permeability and Enhancing Cytoprotection
    Park, J.M., Lee, H.J., Sikiric, P., Hahm, K.B. · Current Pharmaceutical Design · 2020

    Cytoprotective effects against NSAID-induced gastric and intestinal damage by stabilizing intestinal permeability and protecting mucosal barrier function across multiple epithelia.

  7. 7
    Preclinical safety evaluation of body protective compound-157, a potential drug for treating various wounds
    Xu, C., et al. · Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology · 2020

    Well tolerated in mice, rats, rabbits, and dogs with no serious toxicity in single-dose, repeated-dose, local tolerance, genetic, or embryo-fetal toxicity studies.

  8. 8
    Effect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study
    Lee, E., Walker, C., Ayadi, B. · Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine · 2024

    Pilot human trial in 12 women (ages 39-76) with interstitial cystitis showed BPC-157 as a potential treatment for this disabling condition with no effective existing therapies.

  9. 9
    Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study
    Lee, E., Burgess, K. · Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine · 2025

    First human IV safety data: infusions of up to 20 mg BPC-157 in 2 healthy adults showed no adverse effects on cardiac, hepatic, renal, thyroid, or glucose biomarkers.

For research use only. Nothing on this page is medical advice, and no number here is a recommendation to dose.